Delivery room decision-making for extremely preterm infants in Sweden.

OBJECTIVE To assess neonatologists' attitudes and practices regarding treatment of extremely preterm infants in the delivery room, particularly in response to parental wishes. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey of all neonatologists in Sweden registered with the Swedish Pediatric Society. RESULTS The response rate was 71% (88 of 124 neonatologists). At 24[1/7] to 24[6/7] weeks of gestation, 68% of neonatologists considered treatment clearly beneficial; at 25[1/7] to 25[6/7] weeks of gestation, 93% considered it clearly beneficial. When respondents consider treatment clearly beneficial, 97% reported that they would resuscitate in the delivery room despite parental requests to withhold treatment. At or below 23[0/7] weeks of gestation, 94% of neonatologists considered treatment futile. Nineteen percent reported that they would provide what they consider futile treatment at parental request. When respondents consider treatment to be of uncertain benefit, 99% reported that they would resuscitate when parents request it, 99% reported that they would resuscitate when parents are unsure, and 25% reported that they would follow parental requests to withhold treatment. CONCLUSION Although neonatologists' attitudes and practices varied, respondents to our survey in general envisioned little parental role in delivery room decision-making for extremely preterm infants.